While there is no single prescription for energy security, strengthening 'response capacity,' such as by establishing stockpiles, substituting sources, and diversifying suppliers, is essential. The point is not to eliminate vulnerabilities altogether, but to ensure that there are options when disruption arrives.
After developing country governments invested hundreds of millions of dollars, CASA-1000 in Central Asia has effectively failed before transferring a single watt of energy. The international institutions that conceived, financed and promoted it must be held accountable.
An intense heatwave across India and Pakistan is exposing the growing risks of extreme heat and humidity as climate change drives more frequent and severe weather extremes.
On 27 January, a landmark ruling on high-earning individuals and large corporations by Pakistan's newly-established Federal Constitutional Court provided a "powerful blueprint" in seeking an overhaul of the international tax system.