Vietnam’s stalled Chinese-backed solar factories underscore how Global South nations must demand technology transfer and value addition – not just capital inflows – from China’s expanding overseas clean-tech investments. By Xue Xiaokang

COP30 agreed to triple adaptation finance, but the fashion industry needs adaptation measures now. By Jason Judd and Kalpona Akter

Given that China is the world’s largest emitter and has a high carbon intensity, some assume that its trade war with the United States, which has shifted production to third countries, would have environmental benefits. In fact, the conflict has increased carbon dioxide emissions in developing and advanced economies alike. By Qiyuan Xu

Coalbed methane is an underappreciated problem of global steel production. While cutting methane emissions in the steel supply chain will not produce green steel overnight, it could reduce the sector’s emissions by the equivalent of a billion tons of carbon annually, and at little cost. By Gernot Wagner and Roland Kupers