A new report finds that more than 61.5 million hectares of protected areas analysed across tropical countries overlap with oil and gas blocks, while another 42.7 million hectares overlap with mining concessions.
Energy minister Bahlil Lahadalia’s warning came as Singapore and Malaysia stepped up pressure on Jakarta over the haze, a day after President Prabowo Subianto hit back at countries that "insult" Indonesia.
Asean’s official energy outlook, endorsed by its energy ministers on 8 October, reveals a gap between the region’s energy plans and its members’ net-zero pledges, and allows new coal plants to be built even in its lowest-emissions scenario.
Countries’ climate plans deliver at most a third of the emissions cuts needed by 2035, and every five years of emissions at current levels raises peak warming by around 0.1°C, the UN Environment Programme’s Emissions Gap Report finds.