In 2004, Aceh was hardest hit by the Indian Ocean tsunami. In 2025, Indonesia’s most disaster-aware province was among the worst hit by floods. The failure was not forecasting, but what happened – or didn’t – after the alarms were raised.
Despite political gridlock within countries and at global summits, climate change and ecological degradation are creating undeniable economic momentum. As renewables scale up, fossil fuels will become even less competitive; and as ecosystems degrade, markets will price in the risks and reward those who adapt.
Sustainability standards and ratings do not generate enough information for businesses to understand their environmental impacts across scales and create mitigation plans to avoid further transgression of planetary boundaries.