The Philippines’ new critical-minerals policy targets at least 9 million hectares (22 million acres) of prospective mineral areas, more than 11 times the land currently covered by approved mining projects, according to an environmental legal group.
A new report warns that surging demand for critical minerals is intensifying environmental and social harms, particularly in resource-rich countries, while much of the extraction serves industries beyond clean energy.
Indonesia holds the world’s largest nickel reserves and has rapidly expanded production, which a new study says has grown roughly tenfold over the past decade.