The Middle East conflict is set to have a double-whammy impact on both Asean’s import of fertilisers, and its energy-intensive fertiliser production. The timing is critical as in the coming months, the five major crops, including rice, are being planted in Asean.
If the current war creates a prolonged oil crisis, there will be more downward pressure on oil use – and an equal acceleration in China of electric car production at home, with an associated surge in exports.
Evolutionary game theory is useful to devise strategies for real-life situations such as international negotiations and ecological crises, where players are unequal, and choices are complex.
AI promises productivity gains, but without corporate and investor commitment, Singapore risks deeper inequality, higher emissions, and growing social strain as jobs are lost.