As national systems rapidly expand in the region, the challenge and opportunity is to align them into an interoperable network that can unlock efficient, trusted, and scalable global climate finance.
Malaysia's longstanding system of fossil fuel subsidies was built to stabilise prices, but these cannot hold up in prolonged crises of war, supply chain disruptions and volatile fuel markets.
The global energy transition was once defined by energy security, affordability, and environmental sustainability. But a new era of geopolitical conflict has reshaped the energy trilemma, with national security the overriding priority.