Across the globe, roads pose a deadly physical threat to wildlife and fragment the landscapes animals need to move through to survive. For some species, a road is a wall: They won’t even attempt to cross.

Voluntary markets alone cannot compete with deforestation drivers, panellists say, as Indonesia seeks to scale carbon trading and nature finance.

Nepal’s conservation laws prohibit commercial harvesting of rhododendrons from community forests without approval, but legal ambiguity over privately cultivated flowers has left officials uncertain about how to enforce existing rules.

The Asian superpower has climbed faster than other major economies in a global index tracking progress towards the SDGs, largely on the back of development gains that carry environmental trade-offs. Yet, it is taking significant remedial measures, offering “strong prospects for future improvement,” said global sustainable development expert Jeffrey Sachs, who led the report.