Robust legal frameworks, backed by effective enforcement, can create the conditions for stable and rights-respecting mining. That means safeguarding Indigenous rights, protecting water resources and ensuring independent, participatory, and transparent impact assessments.
Singapore is facing diminishing forest cover from competing lands uses – but vulnerable secondary forests could play a key role in helping the city-state adapt to intensifying heat stress and flooding.
A decade ago, few governments could imagine a future without fossil fuels. But economic realities have changed and developing countries increasingly view the energy transition as a pathway to green growth.