Three decades after the optimism of the 1992 Earth Summit, the climate regime faces a tough test. The retreat of multilateralism and the rules-based international order has left COP30 struggling to hold together the fading promise of global action.
Whereas last year’s United Nations Climate Change Conference tripled the global climate-finance target, this year’s gathering must show how funds will be delivered. Developing countries are doing their part, but their climate strategies cannot succeed without external support.